Category
103 profiles
9 profiles of this category are not translated yet: see the French page.
Sort: by name · by number of controversies
Organised crime and cartelsViolent crime and serial killers
Documented profile covering 10 controversies, including “1941–1951: Successive investigations into his death, official conclusion of escape attempt but continuing suspicions” and “1940–1941: Testimony in George Rudnick murder case against Harry Maione and Frank Abbandando”.
10 controversies · 5 sources
Organised crime and cartels
Documented profile covering 10 controversies, including “1929–1931: false medical excuse to delay grand jury appearance, followed by contempt conviction” and “1931: initial negotiated plea on tax and Prohibition charges withdrawn after judge refuses to be bound by agreement”.
10 controversies · 7 sources3 convictions4 formal charges
Organised crime and cartels
Documented profile covering 9 controversies, including “1957: assassinated in Manhattan barbershop amid Mafia succession struggle” and “1931–1956: false statements in registry application, citizenship revoked and victory on appeal”.
9 controversies · 5 sources1 conviction3 formal charges
Organised crime and cartels
Documented profile covering 9 controversies, including “26 February 2019: appeal court upholds guilty plea, life sentence and forfeiture” and “2016–2017: application to withdraw guilty plea rejected”.
9 controversies · 6 sources1 conviction1 formal charge
Organised crime and cartels
Documented profile covering 10 controversies, including “1988–1997: US indictments for cocaine, heroin and marijuana trafficking without extradition before his death” and “1990s: Massive drug trafficking by aircraft and nickname "Señor de los Cielos"”.
10 controversies · 11 sources1 formal charge
Organised crime and cartels
Documented profile covering 9 controversies, including “Late 1950s–1980: leadership of Philadelphia crime family” and “1976–1980: expansion of Mafia interests around Atlantic City following casino legalisation”.
9 controversies · 10 sources1 formal charge
Organised crime and cartels
Documented profile covering 12 controversies, including “1994–1998: Cooperation agreement terminated following offences in custody and prosecution dissatisfaction” and “1998: Total sentence of 455 years without benefit of cooperation”.
12 controversies · 5 sources1 conviction1 formal charge
Organised crime and cartels
Documented profile covering 6 controversies, including “2007–2010: joint leadership of Gulf Cartel with Jorge Eduardo Costilla after Osiel's extradition” and “2000s: control of Matamoros–Brownsville corridor and supervision of multi-tonne shipments”.
6 controversies · 7 sources1 formal charge
Organised crime and cartelsViolent crime and serial killers
Documented profile covering 6 controversies, including “Mid-1920s: Historians attribute major financing role in narcotics trafficking” and “1928: Disputed gambling debt, murder at Park Central Hotel and subsequent acquittal of principal suspect”.
6 controversies · 8 sources
Organised crime and cartels
Documented profile covering 9 controversies, including “2008: split with Guzmán and Zambada triggers open war between cartels” and “August 2009: new federal indictments in Brooklyn and Chicago for massive trafficking and money laundering”.
9 controversies · 10 sources2 formal charges
Organised crime and cartels
Documented profile covering 10 controversies, including “1946–1947: Flamingo budget rises from nearly $1.2 million to approximately $6 million” and “1946–1947: disastrous initial Flamingo opening, temporary closure and subsequent return to profitability”.
10 controversies · 8 sources2 convictions3 formal charges
Organised crime and cartels
Documented profile covering 9 controversies, including “1965: Sit-in at police station to protest surveillance, charged then acquitted” and “1954–1963: Imprisonment at Alcatraz, inmate number 1117”.
9 controversies · 5 sources2 convictions3 formal charges
Organised crime and cartels
Documented profile covering 8 controversies, including “1971: Unresolved suspicions of involvement in attack on Joseph Colombo” and “1957–1970: Deportation proceedings, repeated refusal to answer questions and judicial confirmation of deportation order”.
8 controversies · 8 sources1 conviction2 formal charges
Organised crime and cartels
Documented profile covering 10 controversies, including “2025: Returns to Colombia, arrested under old sentence then released because limitation period expired” and “2020: Released after more than three decades in US custody and deported to Germany”.
10 controversies · 14 sources1 conviction1 formal charge
Organised crime and cartels
Documented profile covering 10 controversies, including “1986–2019: Retains title of boss from prison until his death” and “1991–1992: Internal Colombo war triggered by Persico–Orena struggle for control of family”.
10 controversies · 7 sources3 convictions3 formal charges
Organised crime and cartels
Documented profile covering 13 controversies, including “2026: fresh compassionate release application; government response ordered, final outcome not identified” and “2021: compassionate release application denied, then reconsidered and rejected again”.
13 controversies · 11 sources1 conviction1 formal charge
Organised crime and cartelsAuthoritarian regimes, wars and mass atrocities
Documented profile covering 8 controversies, including “2016: Clan del Golfo "paro armado" and other violence subsequently included in Colombian conviction” and “2023–2026: 45-year US prison sentence and new 30-year Colombian conviction”.
8 controversies · 11 sources2 convictions2 formal charges
Organised crime and cartels
Documented profile covering 11 controversies, including “November 2024: JEP orders his testimony to be taken in 'false positives' cases” and “25 July 2016: Federal 35-year sentence, responsibility for over 720 tonnes and $10 million forfeiture”.
11 controversies · 8 sources1 conviction1 formal charge
Organised crime and cartels
Documented profile covering 13 controversies, including “2023: Further Colombian 36-year sentence for 59 Bloque Centauros offences” and “17 October 2022: 35 years in federal prison and $45.75 million forfeiture”.
13 controversies · 11 sources7 convictions7 formal charges
Organised crime and cartels
Documented profile covering 7 controversies, including “October 2024–January 2026: Transfer to residential re-entry programme, followed by scheduled end of prison sentence” and “2021–2024: Two sentence reductions, from 360 to 324 then approximately 292 months”.
7 controversies · 8 sources1 conviction2 formal charges
Organised crime and cartels
Documented profile covering 9 controversies, including “November 2003: Demobilisation of Bloque Cacique Nutibara, later accused of including criminals or opportunistic recruits” and “2005–2010: Sentenced to 45 years for murder of deputy Orlando Benítez, his sister and driver”.
9 controversies · 10 sources2 convictions2 formal charges
Organised crime and cartelsViolent crime and serial killers
Documented profile covering 8 controversies, including “April 1935: First federal tax fraud trial ends with hung jury” and “August 1935: Acquitted at second tax trial after local public relations campaign”.
8 controversies · 6 sources1 conviction2 formal charges
Organised crime and cartels
Documented profile covering 9 controversies, including “2022–2023: temporary disappearance from public BOP register followed by reappearance in federal custody” and “11 June 2018: 49 years and one month in prison and forfeiture of 192 million dollars”.
9 controversies · 10 sources1 conviction1 formal charge
Organised crime and cartels
Documented profile covering 9 controversies, including “2024: public return as model in “La Señora” music video amid debate over narco-culture” and “2023: transfer to halfway house followed by release from federal custody, with judicial supervision continuing”.
9 controversies · 8 sources1 conviction1 formal charge
Organised crime and cartels
Documented profile covering 8 controversies, including “April 2025: completion of 40-year sentence and release” and “2017: amparo opens early-release procedure before theoretical end of sentence”.
8 controversies · 12 sources1 conviction2 formal charges
Organised crime and cartels
Documented profile covering 9 controversies, including “2024: End of US imprisonment and deportation to Colombia, with no outstanding warrant on arrival” and “2006–2022: Post-conviction challenges over alleged lawyer conflict of interest — application ultimately rejected”.
9 controversies · 13 sources2 convictions3 formal charges
Organised crime and cartels
Documented profile covering 8 controversies, including “1987–1988: Convictions vacated posthumously because Mitchell died before appeal was heard” and “1986: Mitchell stabbed to death in Leavenworth federal prison”.
8 controversies · 11 sources2 formal charges
Organised crime and cartels
Documented profile covering 12 controversies, including “1961–1964: deportation proceedings following denaturalisation ultimately overturned by Supreme Court” and “1959–1961: US citizenship revoked for deliberate false declaration about bootlegging activities”.
12 controversies · 9 sources3 convictions3 formal charges
Organised crime and cartels
Documented profile covering 12 controversies, including “2012: Guilty plea for cashing a $17,000 federal cheque twice” and “2007–2009: American Gangster, mythologising of his story and litigation over police corruption allegations”.
12 controversies · 7 sources4 convictions5 formal charges
Organised crime and cartels
Documented profile covering 7 controversies, including “1932–1943: Emergence as Chicago Outfit's public leader and diversification of rackets” and “1930s–1943: Extortion of film industry through union control”.
7 controversies · 4 sources1 conviction3 formal charges
Organised crime and cartels
Documented profile covering 10 controversies, including “1989–1991: Added to Black Book, exclusion initially overturned then restored by Supreme Court” and “1978–1980: Second licence application refused; Supreme Court confirms unfitness but again protects work permit”.
10 controversies · 7 sources1 conviction2 formal charges
Organised crime and cartels
Documented profile covering 9 controversies, including “18 November 2018: death from cardiac arrest in custody before final resolution of proceedings” and “2017: amparo against extradition to United States and order to restart proceedings”.
9 controversies · 11 sources1 formal charge
Organised crime and cartels
Documented profile covering 9 controversies, including “2026: amparo applications alleging incommunicado detention, torture and lack of medical care; remains detained at Altiplano” and “May 2023: new acquittal and release order immediately superseded by aggravated murder warrant”.
9 controversies · 15 sources2 convictions3 formal charges
Organised crime and cartels
Documented profile covering 9 controversies, including “1998: Sentence increased to fourteen years' imprisonment following review of initial conviction” and “1996–1998: US extradition request blocked by constitutional reform's non-retroactivity”.
9 controversies · 6 sources1 conviction1 formal charge
Organised crime and cartels
Documented profile covering 10 controversies, including “2008–2009: guilty plea to two counts of public intoxication” and “2009: arrest for disorderly conduct and resisting arrest in Illinois”.
10 controversies · 10 sources5 convictions5 formal charges
Organised crime and cartels
Documented profile covering 8 controversies, including “2010–2012: leadership of independent cartel linked to murders, kidnappings, extortion and drug trafficking” and “2012: death in confrontation with Mexican navy, followed by theft of body from funeral home”.
8 controversies · 6 sources1 formal charge
Organised crime and cartels
Documented profile covering 9 controversies, including “2012: further arrest for attempting to extort $35,000 from two men” and “1992–1993: indictment followed by substantial federal sentence in cocaine case”.
9 controversies · 7 sources4 convictions4 formal charges
Organised crime and cartels
Documented profile covering 8 controversies, including “Arrest warrants in Mexico and United States and US reward of 5 million dollars” and “Killed in military operation after opening fire on soldiers”.
8 controversies · 5 sources1 formal charge
Organised crime and cartels
Documented profile covering 14 controversies, including “20 July 2026: Life imprisonment without possibility of parole and $15 billion forfeiture” and “25 August 2025: Guilty plea to continuing criminal enterprise and RICO, with agreed $15 billion forfeiture”.
14 controversies · 9 sources1 conviction1 formal charge
Organised crime and cartels
Documented profile covering 9 controversies, including “2023–2026: US reward increased to $10 million; remains on DEA fugitive list” and “2025–2026: additional counterterrorism sanctions and attributed leadership role in Sinaloa's internal war”.
9 controversies · 14 sources3 formal charges
Organised crime and cartelsViolent crime and serial killers
Documented profile covering 7 controversies, including “1952–1956: Immigration arrest and deportation order for unlawful entry, contested until his death” and “1950–1951: Identified as head of Southern California crime syndicate and summoned before Kefauver Committee”.
7 controversies · 8 sources2 convictions2 formal charges
Organised crime and cartels
Documented profile covering 7 controversies, including “1993: Appeal against Bibbs murder conviction dismissed and conviction upheld” and “1988: Convicted of ordering Willie Bibbs's murder and sentenced to 75 years”.
7 controversies · 7 sources5 convictions5 formal charges
Organised crime and cartels
Documented profile covering 8 controversies, including “2023–2026: $10 million reward and continued inclusion on DEA fugitive list” and “2025–2026: identified alongside Iván as one of two fugitive leaders remaining at head of Los Chapitos”.
8 controversies · 10 sources2 formal charges
Organised crime and cartels
Documented profile covering 8 controversies, including “1969: posthumous allegation of involvement in strangling Paul Katz” and “1979–1988: Richard Eaton murder — conviction upheld on appeal”.
8 controversies · 9 sources3 convictions3 formal charges
Organised crime and cartels
Documented profile covering 17 controversies, including “2022: Conviction upheld on appeal, Supreme Court then declines review” and “12 February 2019: Found guilty on all ten federal counts following twelve-week trial”.
17 controversies · 8 sources2 convictions2 formal charges
Organised crime and cartels
Documented profile covering 9 controversies, including “1983–1986: revelations about Commission lead to subpoena; refusal to testify and fourteen months in prison for contempt” and “1980–1984: convicted of conspiracy to obstruct grand jury investigating his sons' affairs”.
9 controversies · 6 sources2 convictions2 formal charges
Organised crime and cartels
Documented profile covering 12 controversies, including “2005–2013: Two life sentences, then reduction to time served following substantial cooperation” and “2004–2011: First official boss of a New York crime family to cooperate with government and record a successor”.
12 controversies · 7 sources2 convictions2 formal charges
Organised crime and cartelsViolent crime and serial killers
Documented profile covering 9 controversies, including “1928–1962: Leadership of Profaci crime family and protection/extortion activities attributed to organisation” and “1953: Tax dispute over approximately $1.5 million in unpaid taxes”.
9 controversies · 7 sources1 conviction1 formal charge
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